updated July 1, 2025

Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

Energetic versatile hunting companion with a playful spirit and strong retrieving instincts

Recognized Breeds

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, known as the "Toller," originated in early 19th-century Nova Scotia, Canada, bred to lure waterfowl by running along shorelines. This intelligent, energetic dog is compact and agile, excelling as both a hunting partner and a loving family pet. Their affectionate nature makes them popular with active families.

Temperament

Intelligent
Energetic
Affectionate
Alert

Alternative names

Toller
Duck Toller
Yarmouth Toller
Little River Duck Dog

Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever Dog photo

Average build and lifespan

HEIGHT

Male: 17-21 in

Female: 17-20 in

WEIGHT

Male: 30-50 lb

Female: 30-50 lb

LIFE EXPECTANCY

12 to 14 years

Characteristics of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is a lively and intelligent breed known for its energy and friendly personality. Originating in Nova Scotia in the early 1800s, this breed was created to lure and retrieve waterfowl by playful movements that attract ducks closer to hunters. Though the smallest retriever, Tollers are agile and eager to please, making them wonderful companions for active families and outdoor enthusiasts.

These dogs are highly social and need lots of mental and physical exercise, often excelling in agility and obedience. Their strong retrieving instincts and love of water make them excellent hunting partners. They typically live 12 to 14 years and can be prone to hip dysplasia and autoimmune issues, so good care is important.

What sets the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever apart is their blend of strong work drive and warm temperament. Whether running by your side or relaxing at home, these spirited dogs bring joy and loyalty to any family.

Personality
Social Life
Adaptability
Physical
Care

Friendliness

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is friendly, intelligent, and eager to please, making it a great family companion. It is affectionate and gets along well with kids and other dogs. Energetic and playful, it loves games like fetch and thrives on interaction and activity.

Playfulness

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is known for its playful and energetic personality. It loves activities like fetching and swimming, displaying great enthusiasm. This intelligent breed has a charming sense of humor and thrives in active homes where it can stay physically and mentally engaged.

Trainability

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is known for its intelligence and eagerness to learn, though training can be playful and sometimes challenging. They quickly grasp commands but may need treats to stay motivated. Short, reward-based sessions work best for this energetic and clever dog, making learning fun for both pet and owner.

Energy Level

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is an active, energetic breed that needs at least an hour of daily exercise to stay happy. They love activities like fetch and swimming, making them great playmates for owners who enjoy outdoor adventures and fun play sessions.

Good with kids

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is affectionate and playful, making a great companion for children. They bond closely with family and enjoy active play, matching energetic kids well. Supervision during play is important, as their excitement can sometimes cause accidental bumps. Their loyal nature brings fun and companionship to families.

Good with cats

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever gets along well with cats when introduced gradually. They are friendly and energetic, fitting in multi-pet homes where play is welcome. However, their hunting background means they might chase smaller animals, so early socialization and supervision help keep peace.

Good with dogs

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is intelligent, affectionate, and eager to please, making them great companions for other dogs. Their playful, energetic nature means they enjoy playtime and socializing, especially when well socialized and given enough exercise and mental activity.

Openness to strangers

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is usually reserved around strangers and may bark to alert when sensing danger. They are friendly but more cautious than other retrievers. Early socialization helps balance their watchful nature with sociability, making them well-mannered family members.

Good for apartment or house

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is an energetic and intelligent breed known for its friendly nature. They are medium-sized dogs that need plenty of exercise and enjoy activities like retrieving and swimming. This breed thrives in active families who can provide mental stimulation and regular playtime.

Weather sensitivity

This breed has a medium-length, water-repellent double coat ideal for wet, chilly conditions, making it a great outdoor companion. Originating as a hunting dog retrieving waterfowl, it handles cold, damp weather well but still needs proper shelter during extreme conditions to stay healthy.

Vocalization level

This breed is known for a unique vocalization called the “Toller scream,” a high-pitched and loud sound that can surprise those unfamiliar with it. They aren't excessive barkers but use this scream and occasional barking to alert or show excitement. Early socialization helps keep this trait charming rather than annoying.

Good for first-time pet parents

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is energetic and needs plenty of exercise to stay happy. Their smaller size helps them adapt to apartment living, but their high energy might be challenging for first-time dog owners. Consider your activity level before adopting this lively companion.

Coat Type & Length

This breed has a medium-length coat that is water-repellent with a soft, dense undercoat, ideal for outdoor adventures. It varies in shades of red or orange, often with white on the chest, feet, and tail tip. Regular brushing keeps their feathered ears, chest, and legs neat, especially during shedding.

Shedding Level

This breed is known for shedding quite a bit. Its medium-length double coat provides warmth and protection, but expect fur around your home, especially during seasonal changes. Regular grooming helps manage shedding, so if you're up for extra brushing, this breed will reward you with lots of love and energy!

Coat Grooming Frequency

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever has a beautiful double coat that needs regular care. Brushing a few times a week helps prevent mats, while daily brushing during shedding season keeps loose fur in check. Think of it as a fun bonding time for you and your pup!

Drooling Level

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is known for having low drooling levels. They rarely produce much drool, making them a great choice for those who prefer a cleaner dog without extra slobber. So if drooling isn't your favorite, this breed keeps things pretty tidy!

Exercise Needs

This breed is energetic and needs regular exercise to stay happy and healthy. They typically require around an hour of activity daily, like walks, play, swimming, or jogging. Engaging them in dog sports like agility or obedience helps keep their bodies and minds active, preventing boredom and channeling their enthusiasm positively.

Training Needs

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever thrives with early socialization and training. They respond well to patience, positive reinforcement, and a gentle, firm approach. Intelligent and active, they enjoy consistent training that keeps their minds engaged, making them obedient and eager-to-please companions.

Grooming Needs

This breed has a beautiful double coat that needs regular brushing a few times a week to prevent mats and keep it healthy. While grooming isn't very intensive, a consistent routine helps this active, water-loving dog stay comfortable and looking sharp. Plus, grooming is a great chance for bonding!

Mental Stimulation Needs

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is a highly energetic and intelligent breed that needs plenty of mental stimulation to stay happy. They enjoy puzzle games, obedience training, and interactive play. Regular mental and physical exercise, around an hour a day, helps prevent boredom and keeps them well-behaved.

Health Issues

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is generally healthy but can face issues like hip and elbow dysplasia, causing joint pain. They may also develop progressive retinal atrophy affecting vision, Addison's disease, thyroid problems, epilepsy, or aseptic meningitis. Regular vet care helps manage these conditions for a happy, active dog.

Appearance of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, or Toller, is a medium-sized dog known for its striking, agile build and a beautiful coat that ranges from golden red to dark copper. This breed often sports distinctive white markings on the feet, chest, face, or tail tip. Their double coat is medium-length and water-repellent, ideal for their waterfowl hunting background. Their almond-shaped eyes convey alertness, complementing a distinctive, fox-like head shape. A standout feature is their full, bushy tail, usually tipped with white, which helps hunters spot them during retrievals. The nose, lips, and eye rims are black or flesh-colored, blending smoothly with their vibrant coat.

Though the smallest of retrievers, Tollers catch the eye with a spirited presence, often likened to a smaller Golden Retriever. Their striking crimson coat combined with white markings makes them distinctly charming. Feathering on the legs and the bushy tail balance style with function, reflecting their energetic and agile nature as enthusiastic hunting companions.

Similar Breeds

Physique & Size
The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is a medium-sized, well-balanced dog standing about 17 to 21 inches tall with an athletic build and a thick, water-repellent coat.
Ears, Eyes, Nose
The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever has medium-sized, triangular ears set high and well-feathered, warm amber to brown almond-shaped eyes, and a broad black or dark brown nose.
Coat Length, Texture, Type
The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever has a medium-length, dense double coat that is water-repellent, with a soft woolly undercoat and a slightly wavy, protective outer coat.
Color Variants & Markings
The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever has a rich reddish-gold coat with white markings on the muzzle, chest, feet, and tail tip, giving it a unique and striking look.
Size Versions
The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is a medium-sized dog with a striking red coat and white markings, known for its energetic and friendly appearance.
Tail Type
The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever has a natural, medium-length tail with moderate feathering, usually carried with a slight upward curve and never docked or bobbed.

Similar Breeds

History and origin of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever was developed in the Acadian community of Little River Harbour in Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia around the early 19th century. Originally called the Little River Duck Dog, this breed was cultivated to lure, or "toll," waterfowl closer to hunters, a technique involving the dog's playful movements to attract curious ducks. This unique specialty made the breed a valuable hunting companion along the eastern seaboard of North America.

Its development involved crossing various breeds to achieve desired traits for tolling and retrieving. While exact breeds are not fully known, the creator incorporated aspects of spaniels and retrievers popular in the region at the time. The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is noted for both its intelligence and distinctive reddish coat.

The first official recognition came in 1945 when the Canadian Kennel Club (CKC) acknowledged it as a purebred dog under the name Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever. This helped establish breeding standards and encouraged the breed's wider appreciation beyond Canada.

International recognition followed. The American Kennel Club (AKC) granted eligibility to compete in the Sporting Group in 2003, solidifying its presence in North America's dog shows and hunting scenes. Across the Atlantic, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) included the breed in its registry, promoting recognition throughout Europe. In Asia, clubs like the Japan Kennel Club (JKC) and China Kennel Union (CKU) also accept the Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever, reflecting its global appeal.

Acceptance by various national and international breed clubs exemplifies the breed's respected status worldwide. For example, the Canadian Kennel Club continues to be a primary authority for breeding and competition. In the United States, the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever Club (USA), founded by influential breeders such as Sue Van Sloun, plays a key role in promoting the breed's health, welfare, and education.

Today, the Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever stands as Canada's provincial dog, officially recognized in 1995 by an Act of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. Its journey from a small maritime hunting companion to a beloved worldwide breed highlights the dedication of breeders and enthusiasts who have preserved its unique heritage and charm.

Popularity of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is most popular in Canada and the US, with smaller followings in England and Australia, but it remains rare and less known in much of the rest of the world.

Canada
Very Common
United States
Moderately Common

Who would make a good companion for this pet?

Perfect for energetic souls who love the outdoors and homes buzzing with playful adventure

Active individuals or families with time for daily exercise
People who enjoy outdoor activities like walking, running, and playing fetch
Homes with space for physical and mental activities
Those seeking an affectionate, intelligent, and playful companion
Families with children or other pets due to their friendly nature
Owners who can provide consistent, positive training and gentle handling
People prepared for an energetic dog that bonds closely with its family

Meet the puppies of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever puppies are lively bundles of joy known for their playful spirits and striking reddish coats. Their curious almond-shaped eyes show intelligence and eagerness to please. From early on, they display a love for activity, making them great companions for families who enjoy outdoor fun and adventures.

Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever puppies need gentle early education and socialization to become confident, well-behaved dogs. Introducing them to different sounds, sights, people, and other dogs during their first weeks helps build social skills and reduces fearfulness. Reward-based training suits their smart and eager-to-please nature, with consistency and patience being key.

At birth, these puppies weigh around 2 to 4 pounds and require a balanced diet rich in protein to fuel their playful energy. Fresh water must always be available as they are active and prone to dehydration. They show strong retrieving instincts and intelligence, so mental stimulation through play is important for their happiness.

Regular health checks are essential to monitor for breed-specific concerns like hip and elbow dysplasia, eye issues, deafness, and Addison's disease. Keeping vaccinations up to date and tracking growth milestones ensure they develop healthily. Early veterinary care supports prompt attention to any problems.

During puppyhood, critical stages include teething and learning bite inhibition. Providing chew toys and socializing with calm dogs help prevent biting habits. Encouraging calm play and self-control promotes a happy, well-adjusted Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever adult.

Did you know?

Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever puppies often show an early instinct to 'toll' by playfully mimicking small prey movements to lure waterfowl, making them tiny, energetic charmers from the start.

Should you buy or adopt your new puppy?

Deciding whether to adopt or purchase a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever puppy involves weighing factors like cost, health transparency, and the chance to support ethical practices. Buying from a breeder often ensures documented lineage and health checks, while adopting provides a loving home and can be more affordable. Both options offer benefits suited to different priorities.

Here's a comparison:

Criteria	Buying from Breeder	Adopting from Shelter/Rescue
Cost	Higher upfront cost reflecting purebred status and breeder care.	Lower fees, often including vaccinations and spay/neuter.
Health History	Detailed records and genetic screening usually provided.	Health background may be limited, but basic checks are done.
Age Availability	Usually puppies available, allowing early bonding and training.	Wider age range including adults, with varying maturity levels.
Temperament Insight	Breeders can provide info on parents' temperaments and breed traits.	Staff share behavioral observations; full history may be unclear.
Supporting Practices	Supports specialized breeding programs; choose responsible breeders.	Supports animal welfare by rescuing dogs needing homes.
Ethical Considerations	Risk of supporting puppy mills if not careful; reputable breeders avoid this.	Offers homes to dogs who might otherwise struggle, promoting rescue.

Choosing Wisely: Cost Analysis of Adoption vs. Breeders

Deciding between adopting or purchasing a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever involves weighing the known costs of breeder fees and guaranteed pedigree against the potentially lower adoption fees and the joy of rescuing a dog.

Purchasing from a Breeder

Buying a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever from a reputable breeder often includes initial vaccinations, deworming, and sometimes microchipping or early spay/neuter procedures, alongside official registration papers and health guarantees. Breeders typically invest in early socialization and health screening, which can reflect in the upfront costs.

Additional expenses may involve initial veterinary visits, booster shots, and preventive care, plus essential items like a collar, crate, quality food, and grooming supplies. These upfront investments support a healthy start but can add to the total cost.

Adopting from a Shelter or Rescue

Adoption fees for a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever often cover core medical care such as vaccinations, spay/neuter surgery, and microchipping, making it a cost-effective option. Breed-specific rescues might also provide extra support and history on the dog's background.

Post-adoption veterinary visits may be limited to wellness checks or follow-up treatments as needed, but new owners must still budget for supplies similar to those needed when purchasing from a breeder. Giving a rescue a loving home often adds priceless value beyond the financial savings.

Understanding Health History

When it comes to health history, purchasing a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever puppy from a breeder usually provides more detailed and reliable information compared to adoption.

Buying from a reputable breeder means access to health records like vaccination histories, vet checkups, and often genetic screening for breed-specific issues such as hip dysplasia or progressive retinal atrophy. Breeders linked to official clubs follow strict breeding and testing standards to reduce inherited risks, giving you a clearer idea of the puppy's potential health.

Adopting a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever, often via rescue groups, is valuable but may come with less complete medical histories. Adopted dogs might have had neglect or limited care before rescue. While they usually get basic vaccinations and medical checks after rescue, detailed genetic screening and a full health background might be lacking. This can mean some uncertainty about hidden or inherited conditions.

In the end, whether to adopt or buy depends on how much confidence you want in a fully documented health profile. Puppies from breeders generally offer more predictability, while adopted dogs may require openness to managing unknown health factors with care and regular vet support.

Checklist for buying or adopting this breed

Welcoming a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever puppy into your life is a heartwarming commitment that calls for thoughtful preparation. Now that you've made your decision, these steps will help you start off on the right paw!

Schedule a veterinary visit for initial health checkups and vaccinations
Confirm microchip registration and update your contact info
Purchase essential supplies: quality food, bedding, toys, and grooming tools
Plan and enroll in a puppy training or socialization class for this active breed
Set up a safe, comfortable living area to welcome your puppy home
Review and understand your breeder's or shelter's health guarantees and return policies
Budget for immediate needs and ongoing expenses like vet visits and pet insurance

Care Guide for Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever: Grooming, Feeding, Training

Caring for a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever requires regular grooming, consistent exercise, and patient training. Their medium-length double coat benefits from brushing several times a week to prevent mats and reduce seasonal shedding. Bathing is needed only when dirty or after water play, as they love swimming. Regular ear cleaning, nail trims, and eye checks keep them comfortable.

This energetic breed needs about two hours of daily exercise; simple walks won't suffice. Training should be early and positive to manage their independent streak. Activities like retrieving games or agility tap into their working instincts and keep them happily engaged.

Care and Grooming

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever requires regular grooming to keep its double coat healthy and looking great. Proper care prevents matting, controls shedding, and supports skin health while helping monitor for any issues.

Brushing

Brush the Toller's coat several times a week to reduce shedding and prevent mats.

Tools: Slicker brush to remove loose fur and a comb to smooth the coat.
Focus areas: Behind ears, legs, and tail where mats form easily.

Bathing

Bathe every 6-8 weeks or when noticeably dirty to keep skin and coat clean without drying.

Shampoo: Use gentle dog-specific shampoo.
Drying: Towel dry thoroughly; a cool blow dryer helps dry the undercoat.

Nail Trimming

Trim nails every 3-4 weeks or when they touch the floor to keep comfort.

Tools: Dog nail clippers or grinders; avoid cutting the quick.

Ear Cleaning

Clean ears weekly to prevent infections.

Method: Use vet-approved cleaner; wipe outer ear with cotton, avoid deep cleaning.
Watch for: Redness, swelling, discharge, or bad odor.

Dental Care

Brush teeth several times weekly to maintain oral health.

Tools: Dog toothbrush and toothpaste.
Extras: Dental chews and vet cleanings as recommended.

Coat Trimming

Shaving isn't needed due to the protective coat.

Trim: Neaten feet and feathering if desired.
Professional grooming: Beneficial for show preparation.

Recommended Tools

Slicker brush and comb
Dog nail clippers or grinder
Gentle dog shampoo
Vet-approved ear cleaner
Dog toothbrush and toothpaste
Towels and cool blow dryer

Training and Socialization

Training and socialization are essential for the Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever to become a confident and well-mannered companion. This intelligent and energetic breed thrives with consistent, positive training and exposure to varied environments early on.

Basic Obedience Training

These retrievers learn quickly but can have short attention spans. Effective training involves:

Start Early: Begin training around 8 weeks old.
Positive Reinforcement: Use treats, toys, and praise rather than punishment.
Keep Sessions Short: 5-10 minutes multiple times daily.
Consistency: Clear commands and routines prevent confusion.
Mental Stimulation: Include games and varied exercises.

Housebreaking

Patience and routine help your Toller learn bladder control efficiently:

Routine & Timing: Take outdoors frequently after meals, play, or naps.
Crate Training: Encourages holding bladder and prevents accidents.
Immediate Praise: Reward elimination outdoors right away.
Patience & Clean-Up: Avoid punishment and clean accidents thoroughly.

Addressing Behavioral Challenges

Common issues can be managed effectively:

Chewing: Provide plenty of chew toys.
Jumping: Reward calm greetings, ignore jumping.
Leash Pulling: Use a comfortable harness and reward calm walking.
Barking: Identify triggers; use distraction and positive reinforcement.

Early Socialization Strategies

Socializing your puppy is vital for their confidence:

Critical Period: Expose your puppy to people, animals, sounds, and places between 3 and 12 weeks old.
Positive Experiences: Keep encounters pleasant and not overwhelming.
Puppy Classes: Join classes for safe social interaction.
Regular Exposure: Continue introducing new experiences throughout life.

Exercise and Activity Needs

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is a highly energetic and intelligent breed that thrives on regular exercise and mental stimulation. Ensuring they get enough activity is crucial to keeping them healthy, happy, and well-behaved.

Exercise Requirements by Life Stage

- Puppies: Short bursts of play and gentle exercise, about 5 minutes per month of age twice daily, to build stamina without overexertion. - Adults: Need 1 to 2 hours of vigorous exercise daily, including activities that challenge mind and body. - Seniors: Moderate, low-impact exercise like walks and swimming, adjusted for their condition.

Recommended Activities

- Hunting and Retrieval Games: Playing fetch and simulated hunting to engage instincts. - Swimming and Dock Diving: Great for endurance and joint health, loved by this breed. - Dog Carting (Drafting): Pulling small carts taps into their working-dog nature. - Running and Hiking: Helps expend their high energy. - Agility Training: Builds coordination and mental engagement.

Mental Stimulation

- Interactive Toys and Puzzle Feeders: Promote problem-solving and reduce boredom. - Obedience Training and Tricks: Keeps them mentally active and strengthens bonds. - Scent Work: Uses their hunting background with scent tracking games.

Signs of Insufficient Exercise

- Destructive behavior like chewing or digging. - Excessive barking or hyperactivity. - Restlessness and trouble settling. - Weight gain or signs of depression.

Balancing physical exercise with mental challenges suited to the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever's natural instincts ensures a happy and well-adjusted companion.

Seasonal Care

Proper seasonal care is essential for the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever to stay healthy and comfortable year-round. Their double coat and love for water mean adjusting care with the seasons helps them thrive in all weather.

Spring

Shedding & Grooming: Tollers shed their winter undercoat. Brushing daily during this time helps manage loose hair and prevents mats, especially around ears and legs.
Allergy Awareness: Pollen may cause itching or skin irritation. Monitor your dog and consult a vet if needed.
Pest Prevention: Begin flea, tick, and mosquito control as parasites become active.
Exercise: Moderate temperatures are great for swimming and playing outdoors.

Summer

Heat Sensitivity: Despite their coat, Tollers can overheat. Exercise during cooler hours and offer shade breaks.
Hydration: Always provide fresh water, especially after activity.
Coat Care: Their coat shields against sunburn; avoid excessive bathing to preserve oils.
Water Safety: Supervise swimming and ensure safe water access.

Autumn

Shedding: Tollers shed again as the winter coat returns. Increase grooming to manage loose fur.
Temperature: Cooler weather suits them well; older dogs may need monitoring for stiffness.
Environmental Care: Wet leaves and mud can mat fur; rinse and brush after walks.
Holiday Hazards: Watch out for decorations and foods that might be dangerous.

Winter

Cold Tolerance: Their dense coat insulates well, but limit time outdoors in severe cold.
Paw Care: Ice and salt can irritate paws. Use booties or rinse paws after walks.
Coat Maintenance: Regular brushing prevents mats from dampness and debris.
Indoor Comfort & Exercise: Provide a warm resting spot and indoor or timed outdoor exercise to keep them active.

Nutrition and Feeding

Proper nutrition is vital for Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers to support energy, maintain healthy weight, and promote overall vitality. Adjusting diet according to life stages ensures they get balanced nutrients for growth, maintenance, and aging.

Nutritional Needs by Life Stage

Each stage demands specific dietary focus:

Puppies (up to 12-16 months): Nutrient-dense food rich in proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals to support development without excess weight.
Adults (1-7 years): Balanced proteins and fats for sustained energy and muscle health. Two meals daily are ideal.
Seniors (8+ years): Lower calorie intake with antioxidants, omega-3s, and joint-support nutrients to aid aging.

Feeding Guidelines

Portions: Adults typically need 2.5 to 3 cups of quality food daily, split into two meals. Adjust for activity and body condition.
Frequency: Puppies thrive on 3-4 meals, adults and seniors on two meals daily.
Monitoring: Check weight regularly; a visible waist and palpable ribs indicate healthy condition.

Choosing the Right Food

Quality Commercial Foods: Pick brands with real meat as first ingredient, avoid fillers and excessive grains.
Life Stage Formulas: Use appropriate puppy, adult, or senior formulas with joint and cognitive support as needed.
Breed Health Risks: Foods with glucosamine, chondroitin, and omega fatty acids help support joints and thyroid health.
Vet Advice: Customize diet if health issues arise.

Weight Management

Control Weight: Avoid overfeeding; treats under 10% of daily calories.
Exercise: Daily activity prevents obesity and keeps muscles strong.
Vet Checks: Regular visits are key for weight monitoring and diet adjustments.

Transitioning Life Stages

Slow Changes: Switch foods gradually over 7-10 days to avoid upset stomach.
Watch for Issues: Observe digestion during transitions and consult a vet if needed.

Living Environment

Creating a safe and comfortable space for your Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever supports their energetic, intelligent, and affectionate nature. Meeting their physical and mental needs indoors and outdoors keeps them happy and healthy.

Indoor Living Considerations

Tollers enjoy being part of family activities and bond closely with people. They benefit from:

Family Inclusion: Tollers love company and may get anxious if left alone too long.
Space for Movement: Enough room indoors for play and stretching.
Comfortable Resting Area: A cozy bed in a quiet corner for rest.
Crate Training: Helpful for security and travel; many Tollers adjust well.

Outdoor Access and Safety

Tollers are hunting dogs who love water and play. Important points:

Secure Fencing: Prevent escapes as Tollers are curious.
Supervised Outdoor Play: Watch for hazards like toxic plants or animals.
Weather Protection: Shelter from heat, cold, or rain.
Water Access: They enjoy swimming with their water-repellent coat and webbed feet.

Space Requirements

Tollers need space to expend energy but are adaptable:

Indoor Space: Room for movement is ideal; apartments work with enough exercise.
Outdoor Space: Secure yard is great but not mandatory if they get active outings.

Environmental Enrichment

Mental stimulation is as key as exercise:

Toys: Puzzle or interactive toys engage their minds.
Training Sessions: Keeps them engaged and reinforces good behavior.
Social Opportunities: Playdates and dog parks satisfy their friendly side.

Safety Measures

Keep your Toller safe indoors and out by:

Hazard-Free Zone: Keep chemicals, cords, and small objects out of reach.
Secure Storage: Store food and trash safely.
Child Interaction: Teach kids to respect the dog; Tollers are patient with children.

Travel

Traveling with a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever requires planning to ensure their safety, comfort, and adaptability on the trip. This active and intelligent breed thrives on activity but benefits from preparation that addresses their travel needs.

Pre-Travel Preparation

Schedule a vet visit to confirm health and update vaccinations. Ensure your dog wears a collar with current ID tags and consider microchipping. Introduce travel crates ahead of time to reduce anxiety. Provide exercise before departure to promote calmness.

Traveling by Car

Use a secure crate or harness for safety. Keep good ventilation and moderate temperature inside the car. Avoid letting your dog stick their head out the window to prevent injury. Stop every 2-3 hours for bathroom breaks and exercise. Never leave your dog unattended in the car.

Traveling by Air

Check airline pet policies; Tollers may travel in-cabin or as cargo depending on size and airline rules. Use a sturdy, airline-approved crate that fits your dog comfortably. Book early as airlines limit pets per flight. Avoid large meals before flying and provide water until boarding.

Accommodations and Destinations

Choose pet-friendly lodging and check for breed or size restrictions. Learn local leash laws and pet regulations. Locate nearby parks or dog-friendly areas where your Toller can safely explore and expend energy.

Travel Essentials

Bring your dog's usual food and plenty of water to avoid digestive issues and dehydration. Carry any needed medications and a basic first-aid kit. Pack familiar blankets, toys, or bedding to provide comfort. Keep vaccination records, health certificates, and emergency contacts handy.

Health of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever can face hip dysplasia, Addison's disease, pulmonic stenosis, and progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). Regular vet check-ups help spot issues early. Maintaining healthy weight and exercise supports joints and heart. Vaccinations, ear cleaning, and dental care boost wellness. Choosing reputable breeders reduces genetic risks.

Health
Preventive Care
Insurance

Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers are generally healthy dogs but can be prone to some health issues. Knowing about these helps with early detection and care, ensuring a happy life for your furry friend.

Hip Dysplasia

A condition where the hip joint doesn't fit right, causing pain and arthritis over time.

Symptoms: Limping, trouble rising, avoiding stairs or jumping.
Causes: Genetic and factors like weight or exercise.
Diagnosis: Physical exam and hip X-rays.
Treatment: Weight control, exercise, meds, or surgery.
Prevention: Responsible breeding, healthy weight, proper exercise.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)

An inherited eye disease causing gradual blindness.

Symptoms: Night blindness, poor vision in dim light.
Causes: Genetic.
Diagnosis: Eye exams and genetic tests.
Treatment: No cure, only supportive care.
Prevention: Genetic screening of breeders.

Addison's Disease

Occurs when adrenal glands produce too few hormones, leading to serious health issues.

Symptoms: Lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness.
Diagnosis: Blood tests and ACTH stimulation test.
Treatment: Lifelong hormone therapy and monitoring.
Prevention: Early diagnosis is crucial; no specific prevention.

Hypothyroidism

When the thyroid gland underproduces hormones, affecting metabolism and health.

Symptoms: Weight gain, lethargy, hair loss.
Diagnosis: Blood tests for thyroid hormones.
Treatment: Daily thyroid hormone replacement.

Idiopathic Epilepsy

Causes repeated seizures without clear brain issues.

Symptoms: Seizures of variable frequency.
Diagnosis: Tests to exclude other causes.
Treatment: Anti-seizure medications.

Cleft Palate

A birth defect where the roof of the mouth isn't fully formed, causing feeding issues.

Symptoms: Difficulty nursing, nasal discharge, coughing.
Treatment: Surgery usually needed.
Prevention: Responsible breeding.

Aseptic Meningitis

An immune-related brain inflammation causing neurological signs.

Symptoms: Neck pain, fever, neurological problems.
Treatment: Immunosuppressive drugs and supportive care.

Preventive care is key to keeping your Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever healthy and happy. This active breed thrives with proper medical attention, good nutrition, and regular grooming. Being proactive helps catch problems early and supports overall well-being.

Regular Veterinary Check-ups

Routine vet visits monitor health and detect issues early. Consider:

Annual Exams: Check overall health, joints, eyes, and coat condition.
Senior Care: At 7 years, increase visits to twice yearly for age-related monitoring.

Vaccinations

Vaccines protect from contagious diseases. Key ones are:

Core Vaccines: Rabies, Distemper, Parvovirus, Adenovirus.
Non-Core Vaccines: Depending on exposure, Bordetella, Lyme disease, Leptospirosis may be advised.

Parasite Prevention

Preventing parasites is crucial:

Flea and Tick Control: Use vet-recommended treatments monthly, especially in warmer months.
Heartworm Prevention: Administer medication year-round as prescribed.
Intestinal Parasite Control: Regular fecal tests and deworming keep parasites at bay.

Dental Care

Healthy teeth improve comfort and health:

Daily Brushing: Use canine toothpaste to reduce plaque and disease.
Dental Chews: Vet-approved chews help between brushings.
Professional Cleaning: Schedule as recommended.

Early Detection of Health Issues

Tollers may face breed-specific issues, so watch for:

Behavior Changes: Irritability, lethargy, or withdrawal.
Appetite & Weight: Changes can signal illness.
Physical Signs: Limping, lumps, skin or eye issues.
Eye Exams: Risk of progressive retinal atrophy; early checks help.
Joint Monitoring: Watch for hip dysplasia signs.

Contact your vet if you notice concerns—early action improves outcomes.

Pet insurance is a smart choice for Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever owners. This active breed can face injuries or health problems, and insurance helps cover unexpected veterinary bills for accidents, illnesses, and surgeries. Coverage often includes health issues, surgeries, and sometimes liability if the dog causes harm. Alternatives like savings or pet care plans exist but may offer less protection. Knowing what insurance covers and what costs remain helps owners decide wisely. For example, if a Toller ingests something toxic on a hike, insurance can make emergency care affordable.

Health and Surgery Coverage

Due to its active nature, this breed may suffer sprains, fractures, or breed-specific issues requiring surgery. Insurance that covers diagnostics, treatments, and surgeries helps owners manage costs quickly. Premiums may be higher and some plans exclude pre-existing or hereditary conditions. Deductibles and co-pays mean insurance reduces but doesn't eliminate costs.

Liability Coverage

Liability insurance covers costs if the dog injures someone or damages property. For a spirited breed like the Toller, this is a useful safeguard, protecting owners from bills for others' vet care or property repairs. Liability coverage often requires a separate policy and extra cost.

Alternatives to Pet Insurance

Some owners save money for pet expenses or use wellness plans for routine care but not serious illness or injuries. Savings offers control without fees but requires discipline. Wellness plans are less comprehensive and usually don't cover emergencies or surgeries, which are important for this breed.

Typical Coverage and Owner Costs

Insurance usually covers diagnostics, medications, surgeries, hospital stays, and some hereditary issues. Preventive care is generally excluded unless added. Owners pay deductibles and part of costs through co-pays or coinsurance, which helps keep premiums lower but means planning for out-of-pocket expenses.

Pros and Cons of Pet Insurance

Pros include financial protection allowing timely care and reduced money worries. Cons are complex policies, exclusions, and ongoing costs that can feel burdensome if few claims occur. Owners should consider their dog's lifestyle and risks to choose the best way to manage costs.

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Lifespan and End-of-Life Care of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever usually lives 12 to 14 years. They are generally healthy but can have some genetic issues, so regular vet visits help. These smart, active dogs need exercise and grooming, like weekly brushing and ear cleaning. With good care and love, they make joyful companions through their golden years.

Signs of Aging

Senior Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers often show signs of aging through changes in their eyes and mobility, with eye conditions like cataracts and corneal dystrophy being common. These issues can lead to decreased vision or blindness if not monitored carefully.

As they age, their lenses may become cloudier due to cataracts, which can impair vision. Many senior Tollers adapt well to vision loss, though surgery can sometimes restore sight. Corneal dystrophy causes small white deposits on the cornea, progressing slowly and usually without pain, but may obscure vision and cause blindness. Treatments are limited, and surgery may not be permanent.

Besides eye problems, senior Tollers may slow down due to arthritis or weight gain, common concerns in older dogs of this breed. Keeping a healthy weight and regular vet visits can help ease joint discomfort and keep your senior Toller comfortable and happy.

Exercise and Activity needs

Senior Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers benefit from regular, moderate exercise that suits their aging bodies, helping maintain muscle tone, joint flexibility, and mental sharpness. Their youthful energy may fade, but gentle walks and swimming remain ideal low-impact activities that support their love for water without straining joints.

Exercise sessions should be shorter but more frequent to prevent overexertion. Mental stimulation is important, so light training or puzzle toys during activity keep their intelligent minds engaged. Avoiding high-impact activities protects seniors from injuries and arthritis flare-ups.

Keeping a balanced routine of physical activity and rest helps senior Tollers enjoy their golden years comfortably. Owners should watch for fatigue signs and adjust activity, promoting movement to prevent stiffness and cognitive decline while respecting the dog's needs.

Seasonal Care

Seasonal care for your senior Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever means adjusting to their changing needs as they age, especially with weather. Adapting routines throughout the year keeps your senior dog comfortable and healthy, letting them enjoy gentle adventures.

In spring and summer, daily brushing helps manage shedding and skin health since older Tollers groom less. They enjoy activity and water, but seniors tire quickly and can overheat, so shorter playtimes during cooler hours are best. If they swim, ensure safety and watch for mobility issues. Flea and tick prevention is key as pests rise in warm months.

In autumn and winter, colder weather calls for extra care. Their double coat insulates well, but arthritic dogs feel cold more. Provide a warm resting spot and consider a coat on walks. Avoid slippery surfaces to prevent falls, adjust exercise to comfort, and check paws for ice or salt irritation after walks. Grooming helps prevent matting in damp weather.

Nutrition and Feeding

Senior Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers need a balanced diet that supports their aging bodies and slower metabolism, which typically starts around 7 to 8 years old. Maintaining high-quality protein from meat sources is essential to preserve muscle mass and overall health during this stage.

These dogs also benefit from nutrients that support brain and heart health, such as omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil, antioxidants like vitamins E and C, and amino acids like L-carnitine and taurine. These help counter age-related changes in organs and joints.

Hydration is important, so offering wet food along with fresh water helps. Carbohydrates should come from natural, low-glycemic foods like vegetables and berries to provide energy without extra calories. Feeding amounts may need adjustment depending on activity or health, and specialized senior dog foods can provide a balanced, calorie-controlled diet with joint-supporting ingredients suited to senior Tollers.

Living Environment

Senior Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers do best in a home that eases the strain on aging joints. Providing a cozy indoor space with soft bedding and easy access to favorite spots helps support their musculoskeletal health and eases discomfort from conditions like hip dysplasia, common in this breed.

Despite being active dogs, older Tollers benefit from gentle, low-impact exercise like short walks or swimming to maintain mobility without overexertion. A calm environment with limited stair use and non-slippery floors helps prevent falls and injuries common in senior dogs.

These intelligent dogs can get bored, so mental stimulation with toys or quiet activities keeps their minds sharp. Keeping the home safe and gating off risky areas ensures their safety. A caring, adapted environment helps senior Tollers enjoy comfortable, happy golden years.

Travel

Travel for senior Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers requires care to accommodate their aging bodies and slower pace. Shorter trips and frequent breaks help keep your senior Toller comfortable and stress-free during travel.

In the car, use a cozy travel harness or ventilated crate for safety and comfort. Older Tollers may have stiff joints, so gentle stretching and regular bathroom breaks are helpful. Watch for anxiety or car sickness, and consult your vet if needed for treatments.

Since senior Tollers often have less energy, plan for quiet spots and familiar routines to reduce stress. Bringing favorite bedding or toys can make them feel secure. Also, know where nearby vets are in case of emergencies during the trip.

Tailoring travel to your senior Toller's needs ensures safe, enjoyable adventures that honor their spirited past and gentle senior years.

Working roles abilities of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, or Toller, is known for its unique hunting role: tolling. This clever behavior involves luring waterfowl close to hunters, then retrieving the birds with agility and stamina. Their webbed feet and medium size make them excellent swimmers.

Nowadays, Tollers shine in agility and obedience sports thanks to their energy and smarts. Some also work in detection roles or as emotional support dogs.

Blending traditional hunting skills with modern versatility, Tollers are lively companions needing plenty of fun and exercise.

Legal and ethical considerations of owning Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

Owning a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever involves some breed-specific legal and ethical aspects. Legally, there are no widespread breed-specific restrictions or bans, but it's important to register your Toller with reputable bodies like the Canadian Kennel Club to support responsible breeding and preserve breed standards.

Ethically, Tollers are energetic gundogs needing plenty of exercise and mental stimulation to stay happy and healthy. Choosing a responsible breeder who follows ethical practices is key to preventing health and temperament issues. Adopting is also an ethical option, helping reduce the demand for puppy mills. Caring for a Toller means committing to their active nature while supporting ethical breeding and care.

Fun facts about Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

The Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever is the smallest of AKC retrievers, standing about 18 to 19 inches tall, yet often outlasts its owners in games of fetch.

Its coat ranges from golden red to dark copper, usually with white on the chest, feet, and tail tip—nature's own flaming red alert!

Its name 'tolling' comes from a hunting trick where the dog lures waterfowl by moving along the shore, mimicking a curious fox to 'toll' ducks closer for hunters.

Tollers have webbed feet specially adapted for swimming, making them excellent water retrievers that look like they're wearing natural flippers.

The breed likely descends from the now extinct St. John's Water Dog and the Dutch Tolling Kooikerhondje, blending traits of skilled hunting dogs.

Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers can switch from hyperactive waterfowl hunters to calm companions happy to lounge by your side quickly.

Common Questions & Myths about Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

What is unique about the hunting style of the Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever?

The Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever is known for its unique hunting technique called "tolling," which involves luring or enticing waterfowl closer to the hunter. This method mimics the playful behavior of a fox by alternating between showing and hiding, drawing ducks toward the hunter's range. This makes the breed especially valuable for waterfowl hunting.

Are Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers good swimmers?

Absolutely! Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers are natural swimmers with webbed feet designed for the water. Their medium-length water-resistant coat helps them stay comfortable in colder water. Swimming is one of their favorite activities, making them excellent companions for water-based play and hunting.

What kind of exercise does a Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever need?

These dogs are energetic athletes that require plenty of physical and mental stimulation. Daily vigorous exercise like fetching, swimming, running, and hiking is ideal. Without sufficient activity, they can become bored and develop unwanted behaviors. If you enjoy an active lifestyle, a Toller will be a happy and engaged companion.

How sociable is the Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever with other animals?

Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers generally get along well with other dogs and pets when properly socialized from a young age. Their friendly and outgoing nature makes them good companions in multi-pet households. Early and continued socialization helps them build positive relationships and adapt well to different environments.

Do Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers require special grooming?

While they have a moderate grooming schedule compared to some breeds, Tollers do shed seasonally and benefit from regular brushing to keep their double coat healthy and free of mats. Their coats naturally repel water and dirt, but during shedding seasons, more frequent brushing helps manage loose hair and keeps them looking their best.

Can Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers be good family dogs?

Yes, they can be wonderful family dogs! Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers are affectionate, intelligent, and thrive on companionship. Their playful and gentle demeanor makes them great with kids, provided they have enough exercise and mental engagement. They do best in active families who can match their energy and provide plenty of interaction.

What kind of mental stimulation do Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers need?

Being intelligent and eager to please, Tollers need regular mental challenges to stay happy. Puzzle toys, obedience training, and interactive games like fetch or scent work can keep their minds sharp. Without mental stimulation, they can get bored, which may lead to mischievous behavior, so variety in activities is key.

Are Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers good for novice dog owners?

While friendly and trainable, Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retrievers have high energy levels and strong exercise needs that may be challenging for first-time dog owners. They require consistent training, socialization, and plenty of daily activity. However, for owners willing to put in the time and effort, Tollers can be loyal and rewarding companions.

Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

Temperament

Alternative names

Average build and lifespan

HEIGHT

WEIGHT

LIFE EXPECTANCY

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Characteristics of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

Friendliness

Playfulness

Trainability

Energy Level

Good with kids

Good with cats

Good with dogs

Openness to strangers

Good for apartment or house

Weather sensitivity

Vocalization level

Good for first-time pet parents

Coat Type & Length

Shedding Level

Coat Grooming Frequency

Drooling Level

Exercise Needs

Training Needs

Grooming Needs

Mental Stimulation Needs

Health Issues

Appearance of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

Similar Breeds

Physique & Size

Ears, Eyes, Nose

Coat Length, Texture, Type

Color Variants & Markings

Size Versions

Tail Type

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History and origin of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

Popularity of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

Canada

United States

Who would make a good companion for this pet?

Perfect for energetic souls who love the outdoors and homes buzzing with playful adventure

Meet the puppies of Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever

Did you know?

Should you buy or adopt your new puppy?

Choosing Wisely: Cost Analysis of Adoption vs. Breeders

Understanding Health History

Checklist for buying or adopting this breed

Care Guide for Nova Scotia Duck-Tolling Retriever: Grooming, Feeding, Training

Care and Grooming

Brushing

Bathing

Nail Trimming

Ear Cleaning

Dental Care

Coat Trimming

Recommended Tools

Training and Socialization

Basic Obedience Training

Housebreaking

Addressing Behavioral Challenges

Early Socialization Strategies

Exercise and Activity Needs

Exercise Requirements by Life Stage

Recommended Activities

Mental Stimulation

Signs of Insufficient Exercise

Seasonal Care

Spring

Summer

Autumn

Winter

Nutrition and Feeding

Nutritional Needs by Life Stage

Feeding Guidelines

Choosing the Right Food

Weight Management

Similar Breeds